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Jura, Scotland
Jura ( ; (スコットランド・ゲール語:Diùra) (:ˈtʲuːɾə)) is an island in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland, adjacent and to the north-east of Islay. Compared with its fertile and more populous neighbour, Jura is mountainous, bare and infertile, covered largely by vast areas of blanket bog, hence its small population. In a list of the islands of Scotland ranked by size, Jura comes eighth, whereas ranked by population it comes thirty-first. It is in the council area of Argyll and Bute.
==History==
Evidence of settlements on Jura dating from the Mesolithic period was first uncovered by the English archaeologist John Mercer in the 1960s. There is evidence of Neolithic settlement at Poll a' Cheo in the southwest of the island. The modern name "Jura" dates from the Norse-Gael era and is from the Old Norse ''Dyrøy'' meaning "beast (animal ) island".〔The place-name element ''dyr'' is often erroneously interpreted as 'deer' (on account of the Modern English cognate - see following). In Old Norse, ''dyr'' meant "beast, wild animal" (c.f. Old English ''dēor'' 'beast /wild animal'). This clearly contrasts with Old Norse ''hjarta'' 'deer' (c.f. Old English ''heort'' (English 'hart' )). Modern English is unique amongst the Germanic Languages in that the semantic domain of 'deer' has become restricted to the antler-bearing animal, rather than any animal - c.f. Dutch ''dier'' - 'animal'〕
In the sixth century, it is believed that Jura may have been the location of Hinba, the island to which the Irish founder of the Christian Church in Scotland Saint Columba retreated for prayer and contemplation from the monastic community which he founded on Iona.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Road North )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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